Sistema de automação para transporte e armazenamento de petróleo e derivados

Abstract

Automation systems are defined as active systems that operate with optimal efficiency, using the information they receive from the environment where they are present. Use a set of automation techniques behaving like a human operator, who receives information from sensors calculating and executing the most appropriate action (SANTOS, 1995). Currently with technological advances and increased competition with foreign markets, provided by the globalization of markets, companies were required to monitor these changes in market dynamics. Given this context the industries had to look for new technologies to improve their production processes, at first for survival. But with the passage of time has proven that the correct application of technology within industries, can bring many advantages to this. One of the technologies used in industry is the automation of processes, which at the beginning had the very high cost, and its few known results due to this, their application was restricted. But automation is currently disseminated within industries, and bringing great results with a lower cost of implementation. Currently the automation of industrial processes has become critical for companies to stay in the market. This application makes the production processes are transferred from man to machine, and these can bring great benefits to the company, such as improved productivity, achieved through more rapid and continuous processes, avoiding variability of labor-direct labor and resulting in a greater volume of output per hour. In addition to a lower cost of production, in this case achieved with a lower rate of rework and wasted parts, and also in reducing the amount of labor per volume of product produced. Thus, the project described in this paper describes in detail the information and automation of a continuous process of transportation and storage of oil and oil controls, affecting all layers of the automation pyramid, from the factory floor to management. For an introduction will be given a general overview of the project. Later in development, will be explained each part that makes up the entire structure with an appropriate theoretical framework, taking as reference the system of transporting and storing fuel oil waterway terminal of Madre de Deus in Bahia because it is considered, this terminal, which operates the largest variety of derivatives peróleo of Brazil. (Source: Transpetro S / A 2013). The automation system developed can be implemented in any system of transportation and storage of oil and the oil industry, provided they are properly scaled production volumes and the specific characteristics of each production unit. The development of this project will seek solutions that provide the best performance characteristics and meet the needs of the oil industry, with the best cost-benefit ratio possible. Thus, knowledge of different automation technologies available in the market will be critical to successful implementation. Thus, a thorough evaluation of the leading technologies and methodologies applied in automation systems, especially with regard to programmable logic controllers (PLCs), PLC programming, control architectures, information systems and communication networks will be needed for automation .