Caracterização de películas comerciais utilizadas como intercamadas em vidros laminados

Abstract

The lamination process consists of processing glass with two or more sheets of this material interspersed with films, which increase the strength of the product and are known as laminated or safety glass. Therefore, the aim of this work is to analyze the physicochemical, morphological, thermal and mechanical properties of two types of commercial film, Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) and Sentryglas® (SGA), characterizing each one, in order to help laminated glass manufacturers understand the factors that can influence the quality of their product. In addition to their properties, the influence of PVB film storage was analyzed, with films stored in a controlled (temperature and humidity) and uncontrolled environment called PVB A and PVB NA, respectively. The same analysis was not carried out for SGA since the film does not need to be stored in a controlled environment as it does not lose properties. The films were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR); Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA); Tensile Strength Test; Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM); Contact Angle; Roughness; Humidity and Shrinkage. It was found that there was a change in the molecular structure of the PVB films due to the absorption of water from the PVB NA film. The SGA film showed bands characteristic of the material. PVB NA showed greater initial mass loss due to water absorption from the environment to which it was exposed. The tensile tests indicated a decrease in the strength of PVB NA compared to PVB A, confirming that water absorption caused the material to lose strength. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed greater porosity of the SGA films compared to PVB, corroborating the roughness results. The contact angle and absorption results showed that PVB is hydrophilic and SGA hydrophobic. As expected, SGA showed the highest tensile strength among the films, as it is an ionomer. According to the data obtained in this study, laminated glass manufacturers will be able to analyze the factors that can interfere in their production process, from the proper storage of the material, to the heating stages and the delivery of a final product without possible damage.